Enterococci are Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic and lactic acid producing bacteria. Most strains are nonhemolytic. Enterococcus faecalis (also known as Streptococcus faecalis), the second most frequent enterococcal species, is a saprophytic commensal that inhabits the oral cavity and gastrointestinal flora of humans and animals, although it can behave as an opportunistic pathogen causing severe urinary tract infections, surgical wound infections, bacteremia, and bacterial endocarditis. Over the past 2 decades, E. faeca...
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