Pathways
Biosynthesis and Degradation of Thyroid Hormones
Description:
Iodide, which is ingested in food and water, is actively concentrated by the thyroid gland, converted to organic iodine by TPO (Thyroid Peroxidase also known as Iodide Peroxidase), and incorporated into tyrosine in intrafollicular thyroglobulin within the colloid at the basal cell surface of the thyroid follicular cell. The tyrosines are iodinated at one (Monoiodotyrosine) or two (Diiodotyrosine) sites and then coupled to form two active hormones, Thyroxine (T4, a Tetra-Iodinated Tyrosine derivative) and Triiodothyronine (T3)...
References:
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Metabolic pathways of tetraidothyronine and triidothyronine production by thyroid gland: a review of articles.
Pak J Biol Sci. 2011 Jan 1; 14(1):1-12. Review. -
Thyroid hormone synthesis and storage in the thyroid gland of human neonates.
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Apr-May;16(4):521-8. -
Thyroid hormone biosynthesis and release.
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2017 Dec 15;458:6-15. doi: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.038. Epub 2017 Jan 31. -
Thyroid hormone stimulates acetyl-coA carboxylase-alpha transcription in hepatocytes by modulating the composition of nuclear receptor complexes bound to a thyroid hormone response element.
J Biol Chem. 2001 Jan 12; 276(2):974-83.
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