Pathways
Human Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency
Description:
ESCs (Embryonic Stem Cells) are Pluripotent cells capable of differentiating into any cell type of the body. Only three species of Mammals have yielded long-term cultures of self-renewing ESCs- Mice, Monkeys, and Humans. Human ESCs are derived from Blastocysts, multicellular structures originating from four cleavages of fertilized oocytes. Isolated from the ICM (Inner Cell Mass) of Blastocysts, the ESCs retain properties of self-renewal and the potential to be committed and to differentiate toward most cell lineages. They are...
References:
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Embryonic stem cells.
Stem Cells Dev. 2007 Apr; 16(2):213-22. Review. -
Human embryonic stem cells: the battle between self-renewal and differentiation.
Regen Med. 2006 May; 1(3):317-25. Review. -
Activin A maintains self-renewal and regulates fibroblast growth factor, Wnt, and bone morphogenic protein pathways in human embryonic stem cells.
Stem Cells. 2006 Jun; 24(6):1476-86. Epub 2006 Feb 2. -
Expression of nodal, lefty-a, and lefty-B in undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells requires activation of Smad2/3.
J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 22; 279(43):45076-84. Epub 2004 Aug 11.
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