Pathways
Mechanism of Botulinum Toxin
Description:
BoNT(Botulinum toxin) is a potent neurotoxin that is produced by the gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic bacterium, Clostridum botulinum. There are 7 known immunologically distinct serotypes of BoNT: types A, B, C1, D, E, F, and G. Clostridum neurotoxins are produced as a single inactive polypeptide chain of 150 kDa, which is cleaved by tissue proteinases into an active di-chain molecule: a heavy chain (H) of ~100 kDa and a light chain (L) of ~50 kDa held together by a single disulfide bond. Each serotype demonstrate...
References:
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Botulinum toxins: mechanisms of action, antinociception and clinical applications.
Toxicology. 2013 Apr 5;306:124-46. doi: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.02.006. Epub 2013 Feb 19. Review. -
Botulinum toxin the poison that heals: A brief review.
Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2016 Jan-Jun;7(1):10-16. doi: 10.4103/0975-5950.196133. Review. -
Identification of the major steps in botulinum toxin action.
Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2004;44:167-93. Review. -
The Inhibitory Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Rat Pyloric Smooth Muscle Contractile Response to Substance P In Vitro.
Toxins (Basel). 2015 Oct 15;7(10):4143-56. doi: 10.3390/toxins7104143.
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