Pathways
Repair of Uracil Residues
Description:
Hydrolytic deamination of cytosine to uracil is a major source of genome instability in human cells. This mutagenic process is mostly enhanced in single stranded DNA . Single stranded DNA can be found in transcribed genes, near forks, in mitochondrial DNA as well as in breathing DNA. It is believed to be much higher in replicating cells as compared to non-replicating cells. The cytosine deamination to uracil needs to be repaired soon to restore genomic stability. Otherwise uracil residues may give rise to C→T trans...
References:
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Uracil in duplex DNA is a substrate for the nucleotide incision repair pathway in human cells.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Sep 24;110(39):E3695-703. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1305624110. Epub 2013 Sep 10. -
Uracil in DNA and its processing by different DNA glycosylases.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2009 Mar 12;364(1517):563-8. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0186. -
Strikingly different properties of uracil-DNA glycosylases UNG2 and SMUG1 may explain divergent roles in processing of genomic uracil.
DNA Repair (Amst). 2012 Jun 1;11(6):587-93. doi: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2012.03.003. Epub 2012 Apr 6. -
Removal of uracil by uracil DNA glycosylase limits pemetrexed cytotoxicity: overriding the limit with methoxyamine to inhibit base excision repair.
Cell Death Dis. 2012 Jan 12;3(1):e252. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2011.135.
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